Treatment of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in Children in Switzerland

Switzerland is known for its advanced medical technologies and high level of medical services. The treatment of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in children in the country is carried out in specialized medical centers staffed with experienced specialists.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a rare disease characterized by the proliferation of pathological histiocytes and the formation of infiltrates in organs and tissues. Histiocytes are cells of the immune system that are mainly located in various parts of the body, primarily in the bone marrow, blood, skin, liver, lungs, lymph nodes, and spleen. In Langerhans cell histiocytosis, these cells spread to tissues where they are not normally found, causing damage to them. The clinical manifestations of the disease vary from localized forms to involvement of the entire body, accompanied by a severe course. This condition is not classified as cancerous; however, the most severe forms of Langerhans cell histiocytosis can progress like cancer, and therefore it is treated in the best Swiss clinics specializing in pediatric oncology.

Symptoms of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis

The clinical manifestations of Langerhans cell histiocytosis depend on the extent of the pathological process and the localization of the disease.

Possible symptoms and signs of the disease may include:

• Enlargement of lymph nodes
• Increased irritability
• Decreased appetite
• Bone pain, joint swelling
• Skin rash (seborrheic dermatitis or diaper rash)
• Ear discharge, hearing loss
• Shortness of breath, persistent cough
• Diarrhea, jaundice (with liver involvement)
• Various hormonal disorders
• Increased urination, thirst — symptoms indicating the development of non-diabetic diabetes
• Delay in growth and development
• Delayed puberty

Diagnosis of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in Swiss Clinics

• If the patient has the above symptoms, it is necessary to obtain confirmation of the diagnosis, for this purpose can be used: X-ray of the skull and lungs, clinical blood tests, helping to determine the prevalence of the pathological process. For histologic confirmation of the diagnosis of "Langerhans histiocytosis" in Switzerland, a biopsy of the affected areas is performed, with further morphologic examination of the samples. To clarify the nature of the cells, electron microscopy, or immunocytochemical analysis is used.
• Computer visualization techniques such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are traditionally used to determine the extent of organ and system involvement. Biochemical blood analysis with liver tests is conducted to detect or exclude liver damage. Clinical blood analysis also helps determine the functionality of the bone marrow. Urine analysis is indicative for the detection of non-diabetic diabetes.

Treatment of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in Swiss Clinics

• The treatment strategy for patients diagnosed with "Langerhans cell histiocytosis" in Swiss clinics directly depends on the extent of the disease. If a single focus has developed, monitoring the disease and using hormonal therapy (glucocorticoids), local irradiation, or surgical removal of the affected area may be sufficient. In cases of multiple focal skin lesions, in addition to medications (glucocorticoids), ultraviolet radiation with photosensitizers is performed, and chemotherapy drugs are also used.
• In cases of extensive disease with an unfavorable prognosis, various combinations of chemotherapy drugs are prescribed, usually in combination with steroids (glucocorticoids). In cases of an unfavorable prognosis for the development of Langerhans cell histiocytosis, bone marrow transplantation is possible. If patients develop non-diabetic diabetes or growth retardation, appropriate corrective hormonal therapy is administered. According to statistics, Langerhans cell histiocytosis is considered a disease with a good prognosis: more than 90% of patients can be cured.

The treatment of LCH in Switzerland often includes a multidisciplinary approach involving doctors from various specialties such as oncologists, hematologists, surgeons, and other specialists. This allows for comprehensive treatment, taking into account various aspects of the disease.

In Switzerland, when treating Langerhans cell histiocytosis, attention is paid to the individual characteristics of each patient. Treatment regimens are developed taking into account the severity of the disease, the patient's age, the presence of concomitant diseases, and other factors.

We understand that treating diseases in children requires special attention and care, so our team CorSwiss   will provide comprehensive support and assistance to families throughout the treatment period. We strive to make the treatment process as comfortable and safe as possible for each patient and to ensure positive outcomes and prospects in the fight against the disease. We work with leading medical centers and clinics in Switzerland specializing in the treatment of rare diseases, including Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Our team CorSwiss will assist in organizing the entire process, starting from choosing the appropriate clinic and doctor, preparing necessary documents, obtaining visas, and arranging accommodation in the country of treatment.