What is a urine test?

A urine test is a common test that can evaluate many different aspects of your health using a sample of your urine. Medical professionals often use urine tests for screening or monitoring certain health conditions and diagnosing urinary tract infections.

Among the basic preventive examinations

this examination is the least troublesome. A general urine test requires the least effort. It is enough to buy a sterile tightly closed container at a pharmacy for a few pennies. In the morning, quickly wash yourself (so that the urine is sterile) and urinate into a container that must be delivered to the laboratory within four hours. Prophylactic urine testing gives the doctor a lot of valuable information about our health, so it is worth doing regularly.

Among the basic preventive examinations, this examination is the least troublesome. A general urine test requires the least effort. It is enough to buy a sterile tightly closed container at a pharmacy for a few pennies. In the morning, quickly wash yourself (so that the urine is sterile) and urinate into a container that must be delivered to the laboratory within four hours. Prophylactic urine testing gives the doctor a lot of valuable information about our health, so it is worth doing regularly.

The main reason why urine tests are useful is to control your kidneys. Their task is to filter blood, remove waste and toxic substances that are excreted from the body with urine. The kidneys also remove acid produced by the cells of the body and maintain the balance of water, salts and minerals in the blood - sodium, calcium, phosphorus and potassium.

Based on a general urine test, you can draw conclusions about:

• Kidney diseases: functional limitations
• Metabolic diseases: diabetes
• Infections: urinary tract infections
• Or clarify specific issues: pregnancy test, drug use, drug levels, hormones. pregnancyuse drugdrug levels, hormones.

When should you have a urine test?

A urine test should be performed:

• to check your overall health,
• during pregnancy,
• to detect abnormalities in the functioning of individual organs (for example, kidneys, adrenal glands, liver),
• when you experience alarming symptoms such as pain when urinating, blood in the bladder, frequent urination or abdominal pain,
• as part of monitoring your well-being in the event of diseases in the body.

 What to do after a urine test?

The results of a general urine test should be consulted with a specialist, as some over-the-counter medications and dietary supplements can affect individual indicators. If the analysis reveals any abnormalities, additional analyzes and examinations will be required.

If there are any abnormalities in the urine test, you should consult a urologist for further consultation.

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How to do the test?

There are special conditions for collecting urine. It is advisable to conduct the analysis in the morning. Morning urine is particularly suitable for various diagnostic tests. This urine remains in the bladder overnight and is collected in the morning in the form of middle urine. Due to the long time of stay, it is well suited for the detection of various proteins.

After collecting the first urine in the laboratory, this study goes through two stages.

• Firstly, this is a purely cytological study, which consists of observing urine under a microscope in order to detect an abnormally high concentration of leukocytes, cells that multiply in case of infection. If the presence of a urinary tract infection is confirmed, the urine is cultivated, which consists in the multiplication of bacteria.
• Next, a bacteriological study is carried out. This study determines the number and nature of the bacteria responsible for the infection. Depending on the result, the doctor can only choose the right treatment.

What do the general results of a urine test show?

A general urine test consists of several stages:

• visual inspection,
• chemical evaluation
• urine analysis under a microscope.

Chemical evaluation of urine analysis

Chemical evaluation involves the detection of substances that should not appear in the urine of healthy people. The most commonly tested are:

• Protein
• Glucose
• Ketones
• Bilirubin
• Albumin
• Acidity

Urine analysis under a microscope

By analyzing under a microscope, it is possible to detect the presence of erythrocytes, leukocytes, bacteria, cylinders and crystals.