Infertility diagnosis

What is infertility?

Infertility is the inability to become pregnant within a year of normal sexual intercourse without the use of contraception.

It has been proven that 30% of healthy couples get pregnant within three months of intercourse, 60% within seven months, and the remaining 10% within a year. Therefore, one year is a sufficient period of time to assess a couple's ability to conceive and discuss infertility in the absence of conception.

   A diagnosis of infertility in Switzerland is not a sentence at all. The best clinics in Switzerland successfully treat both male and female infertility.

Infertility can have a  primary and secondary form (1 and 2 degrees).

  Primary infertility.

This diagnosis is made by reproductive health specialists for women who have been unable to conceive for one year and who have never had a successful pregnancy before.

Primary infertility in women is more commonly associated with the following factors:

• Genital anomalies;
• Endocrine disorders of the body;
• Inflammatory diseases of the urogenital system
• Inflammatory diseases of the urogenital system
• Diseases of the uterus (cysts, fibroids, endometriosis);
• Ovarian deformities (polycystic disease);
• . Antisperm antibodies (infertility due to immune factor

Secondary infertility

Women who have successfully conceived and given birth to a child in the past but are currently  unable to conceive and give birth to a child are diagnosed with secondary infertility or 2nd degree infertility. These reproductive disorders can occur for several reasons:

• Age. Beginning at age 30, a woman's reproductive ability declines over time. Starting at age 30, a woman's reproductive abilities may decline due to depleted ovarian reserves, negative changes in the egg chromosomes, and the "buildup" of chronic diseases throughout the body.
• Infections. Infections and inflammatory diseases can cause abnormal changes in the organs of the reproductive system.

• Complications after abortion, childbirth. Damage to the endometrium can prevent implantation of the embryo and cause secondary infertility.
• Damage to the reproductive system. Polyps, cysts, and fibroids can interfere with pregnancy or jeopardize pregnancy outcome.
• Immunologic incompatibility between spouses. A woman's immune system can react aggressively to her husband's sex cells, preventing conception and pregnancy. In this case, these are antibodies against sperm cells.

Diagnosis of female infertility

In the best clinics in Switzerland female infertility can be diagnosed quickly and painlessly at the first visit, as well as associated urinary tract infections and their causes. The aim of the initial diagnosis is to identify the underlying cause of infertility. Once the cause of infertility has been identified, additional tests may be ordered to determine how a woman's infertility will be treated.

Both primary and secondary infertility need a thorough and comprehensive diagnosis:

• Consultation with a gynecologist. 
• Tests for infections of the genital system. 
• ULTRASOUND. The study is carried out in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd phase of the menstrual cycle to assess the condition of the uterus, ovaries and other organs of the reproductive system.
• Research on hormones. 
• Hysterosalpingoscopy or hysterosalpingography. 
• Hysteroscopy. 
• Laparoscopy. 

Diagnosis and treatment of female infertility is a complex and lengthy process that requires patience and determination on the part of the couple. The high level of qualification and professionalism of the leading doctors of clinics in Switzerland in this field allows infertile couples to find happiness.